Process of increasing efficiency of distillation



Dec. 23, 1924. I I 1,520,121

H. E. DECKEBACH PROCESS OF INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF DISTILLATION Filed June 25, 1920 Patented Dec. 23, 1924.

- rrsn STAT PROCESS OF, INCREASING'EFFICIENCY 0F DISTILLATION.

Application filed June as,

To all whom it may concern..-

Be it known that I HENRY E. DECKE- BACK, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of Cincinnati, in the county of Hamilton and State of Ohio, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Processes of Increasing Efficiency of Distillation, of which the following is a specification.

An object of my discovery and invention is to increase the quality and quantity of any distillate or oil, produced from any crude oil or crude product that can be. distilled.

Another object is to accomplish the fore mentioned object by increasing the generating and circulating power of such crude material during distillation.

' Another object is to provide a process that does not requirethe high temperature necessary in the present general practice.

This'and other objects are attained by the steps hereinafter described, and by means of the apparatus disclosed in the accompanyin drawing in which lg. 1 is a sectional elevation on line 1-1 of Fig. 2.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view on line 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is an enlarged sectional view on line 33 of Fig. 2. v

I will explain the parts and operation of theapparatus before explainingthe process.

The boiler or tank'A has near its bottom, the steam feed pipes g. and a, terminating at opposite ends of the tank. Mounted upon the ends of the feed pipes are the siphons a and a each having a hollow and downwardly projecting draw tube a terminating immediately adjacent to the lowest part of the interior of the tank, 'A projector tube a extends upward from the siphons and.

terminates in a bent top or. adapted to extend above the surface of the product to be distilled and to emit the substance passing thru the feed pipes, the siphons, the projector tubes and the vaporizing nozzles a,'above thesurface of the material to be distilled. The projector tubes are supported by the arms a extending from the tank A. --From this it is readily apparent that only the hottest material within the tank will pass thru the siphon projector tubes, whensteam or hot air is sent thru the feed pipes a and a, thereby drawing the material to be distilled thru the draw tubes and siphons. The

'boil over into the condenser.

1920. Serial No. 391,234.

material to be distilled is projected from the projector tubes, vaporized above the material and passes off to the condensing pipe or coil C.

The process with which I use the foregoing apparatus is as follows:

I do not change the regular method of distillation as used in producing gasoline, naptha, kerosene, gas oil, fuel oil, etc., but I add thereto and increase and improve their quantity and quality by taking three per cent (3%) of the finished or partly finished distillate and injecting or introducing it into the crude oil during or before distillation, thereby increasing the energy with which the distillation proceeds. This alone produces ten per cent (10%) more finished distillate than can be obtained by the regular method. The distillate may be added to the crude oil thru valve D and feed pipe a. This distillation is carried on first at a temperature of 210 degrees F. to 275 degrees F. until no more distillate comes off between those temperatures, then the temperature is raised and maintained from 275 degrees F. to 315 degrees F. and when no more distillate comes off, the temperature is maintained between 315 degrees F. and 340 degrees F.

In the fourth stage the temperature is raised to and maintained between 340 degrees F. and 480 degrees F. Thereafter no more distillate comes ofi'.

In addition to the foregoing I inject heated air or superheated steam into the tank, by means of the feed pipes, siphons and projector tubes, thereby causing extra circulation in the heated oil because of the heat radiating from the feed pipes, and because of the hottest oil on the bottom. of the tank being drawn thru the siphons and being vaporized as it is thrown from the vaporizing nozzles, thereby creating pressure above the surface of the material to be distilled, such pressure forcing the va or out of the tank, and into the condenser The advantage of the described process over the general practice is that in the general practice, hot air or as is introduced in the bottom of the tank y means of perforated pipes, that release the gas in the material. If the pressure of this gas is too great, it lifts the material and causes it to The "addition of the finished distillate to the material causes a quicker release and vaporization of iszain the uality the product. Another feature of importance is that lower temperatures can be employed. in the process disclosed by me than is usu ally employed in the general practice.

The lower the temperature at which distillation is carried on, the less carbon there will be in the finished product, consequentl of the finished product is raise at I claim is:

1. The process of providing a quantity of crude oil, providing a mixture of steam and fluid petroleum distillate, withdrawing part of the crude oil admixing crude oil withdrawn from the mass of crude oil with the admixture of the steam and fluid distillate and discharging same above the body of the fluid petroleum distillate withdrawing part of the crude oil and admixing the steam and fluid distillate with the crude oil and dischargin the. admixture above the body of the cm e oil. v a

3. The process of heating a quantity of crude oil providing a mixture of steam and fluid petroleum distillate, directing a confined flow of the mixed steam' and fluid distillate upwardly through the crude oil, admixing the crude oil with the mixed fluid distillate and steam within the body of the crude oil and discharging the admixture of steam, fluid distillate and crude oil above the body of the crude oil and thereby creating a circulation in the-crude oil.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 21st day of June, 1920.

HENRY E. DECKEBACH. 

